Payments

links + original short summaries; content belongs to publishers

48 entries. All categories. JSON: /api/library/payments.json.

Categories

Payments

The Machine-Native Economy: AI and Digital Assets

2026-10-05 · BlackRock · report · Robert Mitchnick

BlackRock insight arguing that LLMs and blockchains share a machine-native, token-based foundation and that agentic commerce requires machine-native payment rails. It states that stablecoins and native cryptoassets can serve as machine-native instruments for machine-to-machine payments.

Payments in the age of AI agents

2026-09-29 · Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (via BIS central bankers' speeches) · regulatory · Christopher J. Waller

Speech by Federal Reserve Governor Christopher J. Waller at Sibos 2026 in Miami on how AI agents may shape payments. Published on the BIS central bankers' speeches site.

The 2026 Global Payments Report: Operational excellence in an invisible world

2026-09-25 · McKinsey & Company · report · Gustavo Tayar, Matteo Mantoan, Uzayr Jeenah, Amit Gandhi, Erica Solino, Gaia Thorel, Julia Simchuk, Reema Jain

McKinsey's annual global payments report, which sizes the industry at roughly $2.6 trillion in revenue from 3.8 trillion transactions. It reviews growth drivers and the shift toward "invisible" payments.

The "Payment" HTTP Authentication Scheme (draft-httpauth-payment-01)

2026-09-09 · IETF Datatracker · spec · Brendan Ryan, Jake Moxey, Tom Meagher, Jeff Weinstein, Steve Kaliski

Internet-Draft defining a payment-method-agnostic HTTP authentication scheme for 402 flows: the server sends WWW-Authenticate: Payment with challenge parameters and the client retries with Authorization: Payment and a credential. Revision 01 is dated 2026-09-09 and is an active draft, not an RFC.

Agents of change

2026-06-30 · Bank of England (via BIS central bankers' speeches) · regulatory · Sarah Breeden

Speech by Bank of England Deputy Governor Sarah Breeden at the ECB Sintra Forum on how agentic AI is changing cyber risk, markets and payments. It argues central banks must adapt quickly, strengthen resilience and cooperate globally.

Meeting Between Board Members and Staff of the Federal Reserve System and Representatives from Payment and Technology Industries for the Payments Innovation Roundtable

2026-05-26 · Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System · regulatory

Meeting summary of a Federal Reserve roundtable (Governors Waller, Barr and Cook) with payments and technology firms, including Visa, Mastercard, Stripe, Coinbase, Google and Skyfire. The discussion covered AI in payments, with a particular focus on agentic commerce.

How Agentic AI Will Reshape Payments

2026-04-24 · International Monetary Fund · report

IMF Note examining how agentic AI may affect authorization, liquidity, settlement, compliance and resilience in payment systems, using an intent, authorization and settlement framework. It highlights the tension between probabilistic AI behavior and the deterministic requirements of payment infrastructure.

SoK: Security of Autonomous LLM Agents in Agentic Commerce

2026-04-15 · arXiv · research-paper · Qian'ang Mao, Jiaxin Wang, Ya Liu, Li Zhu, Cong Ma, Jiaqi Yan

Systematization of knowledge on the security of autonomous LLM agents that negotiate, purchase and transact across on-chain and off-chain environments. It covers protocols such as ERC-8004 and AP2.

Introducing the Machine Payments Protocol

2026-03-18 · Stripe · announcement · Jeff Weinstein, Steve Kaliski

Stripe blog post launching the Machine Payments Protocol (MPP), an open, internet-native standard for agent payments co-authored by Tempo and Stripe.

A402: Binding Cryptocurrency Payments to Service Execution for Agentic Commerce

2026-03-01 · arXiv · research-paper · Yue Li, Lei Wang, Kaixuan Wang, Zhiqiang Yang, Ke Wang, Zhi Guan, Jianbo Gao

Proposes A402, a trust-minimized payment architecture with Atomic Service Channels that bind cryptocurrency payments to service execution and result delivery. It addresses an atomicity gap the authors identify in x402.

AI agents for cash management in payment systems

2025-11-26 · Bank for International Settlements · research-paper · Iñaki Aldasoro, Ajit Desai

BIS Working Paper 1310 examining how generative AI can help manage cash and liquidity in real-time gross settlement (RTGS) payment systems.

x402: An open standard for internet-native payments

2025-05-06 · Coinbase Developer Platform · spec · Erik Reppel, Ronnie Caspers, Kevin Leffew, Danny Organ, Dan Kim, Nemil Dalal

Whitepaper describing x402, an HTTP-based protocol that uses onchain payments for agents, context retrieval and APIs. It explains why traditional rails fail for autonomous payments and how x402 works.

x402

Undated · x402 · spec

Official x402 site, describing it as an open standard for internet-native payments that enables agentic payments at scale.

coinbase/x402

Undated · GitHub (Coinbase) · repo

Reference repository for x402, "a payments protocol for the internet. Built on HTTP."

google-agentic-commerce/AP2

Undated · GitHub (Google Agentic Commerce) · repo

Official repository of the Agent Payments Protocol (AP2), described as "Building a Secure and Interoperable Future for AI-Driven Payments."

Agentic Commerce Protocol

Undated · Agentic Commerce Protocol · spec

Official ACP site describing an Apache-2.0 open standard for programmatic commerce flows between buyers, AI agents and businesses, in which businesses remain merchant of record.

agentic-commerce-protocol/agentic-commerce-protocol

Undated · GitHub (Agentic Commerce Protocol) · repo

Specification repository for the Agentic Commerce Protocol, an interaction model and open standard for buyers, their AI agents and businesses, currently maintained by OpenAI and Stripe.

Agentic Commerce Protocol

Undated · Stripe Docs · docs

Stripe documentation for ACP, described as an open standard created by Stripe, OpenAI and Meta. It covers agentic checkout, cart and feed, and delegated payment and authentication building blocks.

MPP

Undated · Stripe Docs · docs

Stripe documentation on accepting agent payments with the Machine Payments Protocol: servers respond with HTTP 402 and payment details, and agents authorize payment and retry to receive the resource and a receipt.

Getting started with Trusted Agent Protocol

Undated · Visa Developer · docs

Visa developer documentation for merchants and infrastructure providers. It presents the Trusted Agent Protocol as a verifiable cryptographic standard for recognizing Visa-approved AI agents.

Visa Intelligent Commerce

Undated · Visa Developer · docs

Visa Developer Center product page for Visa Intelligent Commerce, available to acquirer and issuer banks. The full documentation is restricted to authorized users.

Project Agenti

Undated · Bank for International Settlements · regulatory

BIS Innovation Hub project with the Bank of Canada and the Swiss National Bank that uses agentic AI to model payment behaviour and intraday liquidity in wholesale payment systems.

Bazaar (Discovery Layer)

Undated · x402 (docs.x402.org) · docs

Documentation for the x402 Bazaar extension. Facilitators can catalog payable HTTP endpoints and MCP tools and expose list and search discovery endpoints, so agents can find x402 resources together with their input/output schemas and prices.

specs/extensions/bazaar.md

Undated · GitHub (x402 Foundation) · spec

Normative spec for the Bazaar extension. It covers facilitator validation of the discovery info and the optional GET /discovery/resources and /discovery/search APIs, which filter by type, payTo, scheme and network and paginate with offsets or cursors.

x402 Bazaar (Discovery Layer), CDP

Undated · Coinbase Developer Documentation · docs

Coinbase's hosted Bazaar catalog of x402 resources seen by the CDP Facilitator. It offers a public paginated list, hybrid semantic search with price, network and asset filters, and an MCP interface. The read endpoints need no API key.

x402scan Discovery & Registration Spec

Undated · GitHub (Merit Systems) · spec

Describes how x402scan discovers paid endpoints. It reads OpenAPI first, with per-operation x-payment-info pricing and a declared 402 response, and falls back to a /.well-known/x402 resource list. The live 402 challenge overrides static metadata.

x402scan: x402 Ecosystem Explorer

Undated · Merit Systems · directory

Explorer and registry for x402 that tracks servers, transactions, buyers, merchants and facilitators across chains. It publishes an OpenAPI spec, an RFC 9727 api-catalog and a health endpoint. Most read API calls are paid via x402.

MPP: Machine Payments Protocol

Undated · mpp.dev · spec

Documentation hub for the Machine Payments Protocol, which standardizes HTTP 402 challenges, credentials and receipts for machine payments across methods including stablecoins, cards and Lightning. It publishes llms.txt, per-page Markdown, an MCP server card and an Agent Skills index.

Discovery (MPP)

Undated · mpp.dev · docs

Explains how an MPP server advertises payment terms ahead of time in an OpenAPI 3.1 document, with paid operations annotated by x-payment-info, while the runtime 402 challenge remains authoritative.

MPP services

Undated · mpp.dev · directory

Curated directory of APIs that accept MPP payments, also available as JSON at /api/services with per-endpoint payment intent, method, asset and amount.

402 Index

Undated · 402 Index · directory

Protocol-agnostic directory of HTTP 402 paid APIs (L402, x402, MPP) with health probing, payment verification and semantic search. It exposes a JSON API, RSS, webhooks and an MCP server, and aggregates Bazaar, Satring, l402apps and MPP listings.

ryanthegentry/402index

Undated · GitHub (402 Index) · repo

MIT-licensed source for 402 Index, including an npm MCP server package, self-serve registration through a probe that validates the 402 challenge, and YAML listings accepted by pull request.

satring: Curated Paid API Directory for AI Agents

Undated · satring · directory

Curated directory of paid APIs that accept L402, x402 (USDC on Base) or MPP. It has a free summary tier and paid bulk export, analytics and reputation, plus /.well-known/l402 and /.well-known/x402 payment descriptors and an agent.json.

x402.new: The x402 Directory

Undated · x402.new · directory

Directory of x402-payable APIs rebuilt from the public x402 discovery network. Each service page lists price, networks, method, inputs, an example response and 30-day call statistics. It offers paid featured placement.

Hal Service Directory

Undated · Hal · directory

Marketplace directory of pay-per-call agent services that sellers price per call, paid over Lightning or USDC via x402. It publishes llms.txt and an OpenAPI description of the directory.

Universal-Commerce-Protocol/ucp

Undated · GitHub (Universal Commerce Protocol) · repo

Specification and documentation repository for the Universal Commerce Protocol.